This study showed that the more testosterone men received, the lower the chance of getting prostate cancer (Inverse relationship). This is good news for most aging men.

Association of the extent of therapy with prostate cancer in those receiving testosterone therapy in a US commercial insurance claims database

David S. LopezDanmeng HuangKonstantinos K. TsilidisMohit KheraStephen B. WilliamsRandall J. UrbanOrestis A. PanagiotouYong‐fang KuoJacques BaillargeonAlbert FariasTrudy Krause First published: 09 September 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14093 Albert Farias and Trudy Krause contributed equally to this work.

Funding information:

David S. Lopez was supported by the National Institute of Aging at the National Institutes of Health, Grant 1P30AG059301‐01.PDFToolsShareGet access to the full version of this article.View access options below. Institutional Login

Abstract

Background

Conflicting evidence remains in the association of testosterone therapy (TTh) with prostate cancer (PCa). This inconsistency maybe due, in part, to the small sample sizes from previous studies and an incomplete assessment of comorbidities, particularly diabetes.

Objective

We investigated the association of PCa with TTh (injection or gel) and different TTh doses and determined whether this association varies by the presence of diabetes at baseline in a large, nationally representative, commercially insured cohort.

Design

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 189 491 men aged 40‐60 years old in the IBM MarketScan^® Commercial Database, which included 1424 PCa cases diagnosed from 2011 to 2014. TTh was defined using CPT codes from inpatient and outpatient, and NDC codes from pharmacy claims. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute hazard ratios for patients with incident PCa.

Results

We found a 33% reduced association of PCa after comparing the highest category (>12) of TTh injections with the lowest (1‐2 injections) category (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54‐0.82). Similar statistical significant inverse association for PCa was observed for men who received TTh topical gels (>330 vs 1‐ to 60‐days supply). Among nondiabetics, we found significant inverse association between TTh (injection and gel) and PCa, but a weak interaction between TTh injections and diabetes (P = .05).

Conclusion

Overall, increased use of TTh is inversely associated with PCa and this remained significant only among nondiabetics. These findings warrant further investigation in large randomized placebo‐controlled trials to infer any health benefit by TTh.