Diet and fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Diet & Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women
JAMA Intern Med; ePub 2016 Mar 28; Haring, et al
April 12, 2016
A healthy dietary pattern, including a higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet, may play a role in maintaining bone health in postmenopausal women and lower the risk of fractures. This according to results from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and 90,014 participants (mean age 63.6 years). The WHI food frequency questionnaire was used to derive nutrient and food intake at baseline and diet quality and adherence were assessed by scores on the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED). Researchers found:
• During a median follow-up of 15.9 years, there were 2,121 cases of hip fractures and 28,718 cases of total fractures.
• Women scoring in the highest quintile (Q5) of the aMED index had a lower risk for hip fractures (HR=0.80), with an absolute risk reduction of 0.29% and a number needed to treat of 342.
• No association between the aMED score and total fractures was observed (Q5 HR=1.01).
Citation: Haring B, Crandall CJ, Wu C, et al. Dietary patterns and fractures in postmenopausal women: Results from the Women’s Health Initiative. [Published online ahead of print March 28, 2016]. JAMA Intern Med. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0482.
Commentary: Previous research has shown that both osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are lower in Mediterranean countries than in northern European countries. The Mediterranean diet emphasizes plant foods, fish, nuts, and monounsaturated fat. It has been shown to decrease the risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease and in addition has been associated in some studies with a decreased risk of hip fractures.1,2 While the decrease in the risk of osteoporotic hip fractures was modest at 20%, that combined with positive metabolic effects make the Mediterranean diet an attractive option to recommend to patients. —Neil Skolnik, M
1. Benetou V, Orfanos P, Pettersson-Kymmer U, et al. Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(5):1587-1598. doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2187-3.
2. Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Ciotola M, et al. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(5):306-314. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00004.
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